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Newton: Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727) was a renowned English mathematician, physicist, and scientist. He made major contributions to: 1.Law of Motion 2. Universal Gravitation 3. Calculus (developed independently of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz) 4. Optics Newton's influential works include : 1. "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) 2. "Opticks" He is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists in history, shaping our understanding of the natural world. Would you like to know more about Newton's life, work, or specific contributions?

 The origin of exams is attributed to various individuals and civilizations. Here's a brief overview: Ancient China: - Emperor Yang of Sui (605 AD): Introduced the imperial examination system, or Keju, to select candidates for government positions. Ancient Greece: - Socrates (470-399 BC): Conducted oral examinations to assess students' knowledge and critical thinking. - Plato (428-348 BC): Developed written exams to evaluate students' understanding of philosophical concepts. Ancient Rome: - Cicero (106-43 BC): Advocated for written examinations to assess students' skills in law, medicine, and rhetoric. Modern Era: - Henry Fischel (1800s): A German educator, developed the modern exam format, including written questions and time limits. - Alfred Binet (1904): Created the first standardized intelligence test, precursor to modern standardized exams. Standardized Exams: - College Entrance Examination Board (CEEB, 1899): Introduced the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) in 1926....